Inducible Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages WS9 and WS63 Different genome structures and a fully functional sigK intervening element
نویسندگان
چکیده
Two inducible temperate bacteriophages WS9 and WS63 from Clostridium perfringens were sequenced and analyzed. Isometric heads and long non-contractile tails classify WS9 and WS63 in the Siphoviridae family, and their genomes consist of 39,457 bp (WS9) and 33,609 bp (WS63) linear dsDNA, respectively. WS63 has 3’-overlapping cohesive genome ends, whereas WS9 is the first Clostridium phage featuring an experimentally proven terminally redundant and circularly permuted genome. A total of 50 and 43 coding sequences were predicted for WS9 and WS63, respectively, organized into 6 distinct lifestyle-associated modules typical for temperate Siphoviruses. Putative functions could be assigned to 26 gene products of WS9, and to 25 of WS63. The WS9 attB attachment and insertion site is located in a non-coding region upstream of a putative phosphorylase gene. Interestingly, WS63 integrates into the 3’ part of sigK in C. perfringens, and represents the first functional skin-element-like phage described for this genus. With respect to possible effects of lysogeny, we did not obtain evidence that WS9 may influence sporulation of a lysogenized host. In contrast, interruption of sigK, a sporulation associated gene in various bacteria, by the WS63 prophage insertion is more likely to affect sporulation of its carrier.
منابع مشابه
Inducible Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages ΦS9 and ΦS63
Two inducible temperate bacteriophages ΦS9 and ΦS63 from Clostridium perfringens were sequenced and analyzed. Isometric heads and long non-contractile tails classify ΦS9 and ΦS63 in the Siphoviridae family, and their genomes consist of 39,457 bp (ΦS9) and 33,609 bp (ΦS63) linear dsDNA, respectively. ΦS63 has 3'-overlapping cohesive genome ends, whereas ΦS9 is the first Clostridium phage featuri...
متن کاملEvaluating the involvement of alternative sigma factors SigF and SigG in Clostridium perfringens sporulation and enterotoxin synthesis.
Clostridium perfringens type A food poisoning is the second most commonly identified bacterial food-borne illness. Sporulation contributes to this disease in two ways: (i) most food-poisoning strains form exceptionally resistant spores to facilitate their survival of food-associated stresses, and (ii) the enterotoxin (CPE) responsible for the symptoms of this food poisoning is synthesized only ...
متن کاملIdentification and characterization of sporulation-dependent promoters upstream of the enterotoxin gene (cpe) of Clostridium perfringens.
Three promoter sites (P1, P2, and P3) responsible for the sporulation-associated synthesis of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, a common cause of food poisoning in humans and animals, were identified. Nested and internal deletions of the cpe promoter region were made to narrow down the location of promoter elements. To measure the effects of the deletions on the expression of cpe, translatio...
متن کاملCharacterization of bacteriophages virulent for Clostridium perfringens and identification of phage lytic enzymes as alternatives to antibiotics for potential control of the bacterium.
There has been a resurgent interest in the use of bacteriophages or their gene products to control bacterial pathogens as alternatives to currently used antibiotics. Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that plays a significant role in human foodborne disease as well as non-foodborne human, animal, and avian diseases. Countries that have complied with th...
متن کاملNovel system for efficient isolation of Clostridium double-crossover allelic exchange mutants enabling markerless chromosomal gene deletions and DNA integration.
Isolation of Clostridium mutants based on gene replacement via allelic exchange remains a major limitation for this important genus. Use of a heterologous counterselection marker can facilitate the identification of the generally rare allelic exchange events. We report on the development of an inducible counterselection marker and describe its utility and broad potential in quickly and efficien...
متن کامل